A diet is the sum of foods eaten by a person or other organism. Diets may be used for weight loss or to improve health.
A healthy diet includes whole foods, such as vegetables, fruits, grains and lean protein, plus healthy fats. The majority of the diet should be based on plants, especially dark leafy greens and other colourful vegetables; whole grains; and beans and nuts. Fish is also a good source of protein and omega-3 fats. The diet should exclude sugary drinks, processed meats and salty foods.
No single food provides all the nutrients we need, so most people eat a variety of foods to get the best balance. The most important nutrient is energy, which comes from carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Carbohydrates are found in starchy vegetables, fruits and some cereals; and sugars are in sweet foods such as fruit juice, soft drinks and cakes. Fats are needed for energy and are in many foods, including vegetable oils and unsaturated fats (e.g. olive oil, canola oil), and in animal products such as milk, cheese and oily fish.
Vitamins and minerals are found in many foods, particularly in fruits and vegetables; and some dairy products and meat. The body’s immune system needs vitamins and minerals to function properly. The right foods paired with exercise can help prevent some diseases and conditions. Some foods can even increase a person’s life expectancy. Diets that include foods rich in vitamins and minerals can reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, stroke and diabetes. Kost